Treugut H, Görner C, Lüdtke R, Mandel P
Kirlian-Fotografie: Reliabilität der energetischen Terminalpunktdiagnose (ETD) nach Mandel bei gesunden Probanden
Forsch Komplementärmed. 1997: 4(4): 210-217.
Objective
Is the EEA according to Mandel a reliable diagnostic method?
Patients
12 healthy volunteers from the staff of the Staufer-Klinik Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany.
Design
From each person a total of 10 Kirlian photos of both hands and feet are taken. Time intervals between each photo lasted 10-15 min. The single EEA sectors were graded by an experienced blinded rater.
Results
An overall reliability can be confirmed that is beyond random (intraclass Kappa = 0.30) but smaller than the reliability of conventional diagnostic methods. Reliability is higher at the feet than at the hands. Complex links of single sectors do not raise the Kappa values.
Conclusions
The reliability is likely to be relatively low because the examinations were made on healthy persons: The energetic disturbances are small and disappear in physiologic noise. Additionally, we face the problem of taking single photos of a fluctuating phenomenon that furthermore is modified by different finger positions. Examinations in diseased persons could presumably provide additional information.
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