Fuhrmann D
Die Beeinflussung ausgewählter Parameter der Rattenleber durch die Homöopathika Sulfur D6 und Sulfur D12 Vergleich mit nicht-homöopathischen Sulfur-Verdünnungen gleicher Konzentration
Dissertation. Hannover; 1987.
The following parameters were chosen: the glutathione concentration (GSH) in liver homogenate, in mitochondria and in cytosol; the glutathione-Stransferase in cytosol; the seleniumdependent glutathione peroxidase in mitochondria and in cytosol as well as the malondialdehyd production in microsomes.
The placebos which were used contained the appropriate ethanol quantity of the homoeopathic preparations and the non-homoeopathic dilutions, respectively. Placebos were potentiated.
The drugs were administered to the animals on five consecutive days in 24 hours intervals. The first test series was carried out at 9:00 a.m., the second one at 6:00 p.m. Sampling followed 72 hours after the fifth and final application.
The influencability of the previously mentioned parameters is described and values are compared with the untreated animals.
1. Content of Glutathione (GSH) in Liver Homogenate, in Mitochondria and in Cytosol
The known circadian influences of the GSHconcentrations are supported by the results of this research. The morning values of the control groups are significantly higher than those at the afternoon. The differences in GSH-concentrations amount to 69% for liver homogenate, 33% for mitochondria and 35% for cytosol (afternoon values = 100%).
The GSH-concentrations in cytosol are in no way influenced by the administered drugs. The obtained results of all treated groups show very little differences from the untreated animals. The results of the afternoon groups of the D6- and D12-series show just as little influence with all measured GSHconcentrations. The only exception is the group of animals which was treated with the 10-12 dilution. Their GSH-concentration in mitochondria lay significantly below the control values.
Thus, strong influences on the GSH-concentrations result only in the morning. Sulfur D12 and dilution 10-12 have the strongest effect on the GSHconcentrations in liver homogenate and in mitochondria. They cause a highly significant decrease of the GSH-concentrations below the control values.
Sulfur D6 also has no statistically significant effect on the GSH-concentrations during the morning test series, although the dilution 10-6 causes a decrease in the concentration of the GSH content in liver homogenate and in mitochondria.
The treatment of the animals with the respective placebos has no effect on the GSH-concentration of the various compartments. The placebo for Sulfur D6 at 9:00 a.m. is the only exception. It causes a statistically significant decrease in the GSHconcentration in liver homogenate.
2. The Activity of the Cytosolic Glutathione-S-Transferase(GS-T)
A definite evaluation of the influence of the GS-T activities through the administered drugs is not possible because it is subjected to large individual fluctuations. A tendency in the decrease of enzyme activity can be noted for the D6 series in the morning as well as in the afternoon. A statistically significant decrease in the activity occurs only in the afternoon group which was treated with Sulfur D6. The tendency of the D12 series of both test series points to increased enzyme activities, whereas a significant increase in activity only occurs in the afternoon group which was treated with the dilution 10-12.
Similarly, the treatment of the animals with the respective placebos results in no significant change in the activity of the enzyme. The GS-T reacts similarly to the previously mentioned tendencies of the treated groups.
3. The Activity of the Selenium Dependent Glutathione. Peroxidase (GPO) in Mitochondria and in Cytosol
In contrast to the previously discussed parameters, no circathan dependence for either the mitochondrial or the cytosolic GPO can be detected.
Within the morning test series, the treatment with dilution 10-6 causes a statistically significant increase in the activity of the enzyme in cytosol, while the activity in mitochondria is significantly decreased through the treatment of the animals with Sulfur D6.
A reverse of that is found in the D12 series. In this case the treatment of Sulfur D12 causes a significant increase in the activity of the enzyme in cytosol, while the dilution 10-12 causes a larger decrease in the activity in mitochondria than does Sulfur D12 potency.
Within the afternoon series a higher activity of the GPO in cytosol is shown for both the D6 and D12 series. They do not indicate, however, any statistical significance.
The activity of the mitochondrial GPO is significantly decreased through the treatment with Sulfur D6. Through the treatment with dilution 10-6 the decrease is moderately significant. Within the D12 series the mitochondrial GPO reacts only with Sulfur D12 showing a statistically significant decrease in activity. The GPO does not react to the treatment of animals with the respective placebos. Their activity values differ only slightly from those of the control values.
4. The Malondialdehyd Production (MDA) in Microsomes
The administered drugs have a strong influence on the MDA production within the D6 series in the mornings. Through the treatment of the animals with Sulfur D6, the MDA production raises with moderate significance above the control values. Through the treatment with dilution 10-6 it increases with high significance. Sulfur D12 also causes a significant increase in the MDA production in the morning, while the dilution 10-12 causes a significant decrease.
Within the afternoon series, the MDA production is not influenced by the administered drugs. An exception is the group of animals which is treated with dilution 10-6. This value increases with high statistical significance over the control values.
Similarly, the MDA production is not influenced by the respective placebos, except for the placebo to Sulfur D6, given at 9:00 a.m., which increases the MDA production with high significance above the control value.
5. Comparison of the Effect of Homoeopathic and Non-homoeopathic Preparations; Exclusion of the Effect of Ethanol
In two cases, homoeopathic drug and the respective non-homoeopathically prepared Sulfur dilution show the same effect. In 17 cases they show different effects.
The effect of the ethanol instead of the effect of the homoeopathic substance can be ruled out based on the examination with the potentiated placebos, which contain only the alcohol portion but not the active substance.
Biochemical Basics of Homeopathy [ Details ]